Article 156 [Status, Functions]

The judiciary is an independent power, the protector of the rights of the individual and society, responsible for the implementation of justice, and entrusted with the following duties: 1. investigating and passing judgement on grievances, violations of rights, and complaints; the resolution of litigation; the settling of disputes; and the taking of all necessary decisions and measures in probate matters as the law may determine; 2. restoring public rights and promoting justice and legitimate freedoms; 3. supervising the proper enforcement of laws; 4. uncovering crimes; prosecuting, punishing, and chastising criminals; and enacting the penalties and provisions of the Islamic penal code; and 5. taking suitable measures to prevent the occurrence of crime and to reform criminals.